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1.
Rev. Fed. Centroam. Ginecol. Obstet ; 27(3): 74-80, 23 de diciembre de 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1532661

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La infección genital por el PVH es la ITS más frecuente. Objetivos: Describir los resultados de la atención a mujeres con citologías negativas y positividad en test de PVH. Método: Estudio analítico longitudinal en el Hospital Gineco obstétrico Docente Mariana Grajales desde 2019 hasta 2021. Constituida la muestra por 174 mujeres. Se crearon tablas de distribución de frecuencias con valores absolutos (número de casos) y relativos (por cientos). Se determinó la media, mediana, moda, mínimo y máximo. Desde el punto de vista inferencial se aplicó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para bondad de ajuste. Resultados: En 8 mujeres se encontraron más de una cepa 4,44%. Acuden a seguimiento 174 mujeres 96,66% del total. Se encuentran entre los 31 a 40 años 54,02%. Iniciaron las relaciones sexuales antes de los 20 años el 94%, con una media de 16,8 años. El 37,35% ha tenido más de 5 parejas sexuales. Refirieron sangramiento intermenstrual el 74,71%. A la totalidad de las mujeres se les realizo colposcopia y en el 54,59% se encontraron hallazgos. En los estudios de citología y cepillados resultaron positivos en 29 mujeres: 16,66% se diagnosticaron LIEBG y en el 12,66% ASCUS. En 15 mujeres se diagnosticaron LIEAG. Se les realizo conización por ASA diatérmica a 82 mujeres 47,12%. De las 128 mujeres con pull positivo a otros PVH el 55,17% tiene sangramiento intermenstrual. De las 46 mujeres con colposcopia de alto grado se confirmaron en 43 para una correlación positiva del 93,4% y de las 49 mujeres con colposcopia de bajo grado en 39 para un 79,5%. Conclusiones: la mayoría de las mujeres tienen entre 31 y 40 años, con inicio de las relaciones sexuales antes de los 20 años, refieren varias parejas sexuales, el principal síntoma referido es el sangramiento intermenstrual. Se realizó colposcopia a todas las mujeres y conización por ASA diatérmica a casi la mitad de la muestra. Se comprobó correlación positiva colpo histológica en la mayoría de los casos fundamentalmente en el alto grado. (provisto por Infomedic International)


Introduction: Genital HPV infection is the most frequent STI. Objectives: To describe the results of care for women with negative cytology and positive HPV test. Methods: Longitudinal analytical study at the Hospital Gineco Obstetrico Docente Mariana Grajales from 2019 to 2021. The sample consisted of 174 women. Frequency distribution tables were created with absolute (number of cases) and relative (per hundreds) values. The mean, median, mode, minimum and maximum were determined. From the inferential point of view, the Chi-square test was applied for goodness of fit. Results: In 8 women more than one strain 4.44% were found. A total of 174 women attended follow-up 96.66% of the total. They were between 31 and 40 years old 54.02%. 94% initiated sexual relations before the age of 20 years, with an average of 16.8 years. 37.35% had had more than 5 sexual partners. Intermenstrual bleeding was reported by 74.71%. All the women underwent colposcopy and in 54.59% of them findings were found. Cytology and brushing studies were positive in 29 women: 16.66% were diagnosed with LIEBG and 12.66% with ASCUS. In 15 women LIEAG was diagnosed. ASA diathermic conization was performed in 82 women 47.12%. Of the 128 women with positive pull positive for other HPV, 55.17% had intermenstrual bleeding. Of the 46 women with high-grade colposcopy, 43 were confirmed for a positive correlation of 93.4% and of the 49 women with low-grade colposcopy, 39 were confirmed for 79.5%. Conclusions: most of the women were between 31 and 40 years old, with onset of sexual relations before the age of 20, with several sexual partners, and the main symptom reported was intermenstrual bleeding. Colposcopy was performed in all women and conization by diathermic ASA in almost half of the sample. Positive colpo histological correlation was found in most of the cases, mainly in the high grade. (provided by Infomedic International)

2.
Prensa méd. argent ; 109(4): 158-165, 20230000. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1512367

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El objetivo de la realización del presente artículo de revisión bibliográfica es analizar las características del Papiloma conjuntival como: el pronóstico, prevalencia, relación con el VPH, diagnóstico, tratamiento e importancia que representa la presencia del mismo. Métodos: El siguiente artículo se realizó mediante la búsqueda de artículos científicos en español e inglés, mismos que fueron obtenidos a través de base de datos como Scopus, PubMed y Google Academic. Se hizo usó de la plataforma virtual de la biblioteca católica de Cuenca utilizando comandos de búsqueda avanzada (""), AND, OR. Finalmente se incluyeron 15 artículos dentro de la revisión bibliográfica. Para el trabajo conjunto de los colaboradores se hizo uso de la plataforma Google Drive. Resultados: Papiloma conjuntival es un tumor de células escamosas benigno de la conjuntiva con una tendencia mínima a la malignidad. Estos tumores están relacionados con el VPH específicamente los tipos VI y XI. Para obtener un diagnóstico es importante realizar una anamnesis y un examen oftalmológico exhaustivo, una biopsia posterior a la extirpación de la lesión, la tomografía de coherencia óptica de alta definición (HR-OCT), y la biomicroscopia ultrasónica (UBM). El MSP, ha elaborado una iniciativa denominada "Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones (PAI)", mismo que consiste en el proceso de vacunación de la población femenina de 9, 10 y 11 años pertenecientes a escuelas públicas y privadas. Conclusiones: Es importante que las instituciones educativas fomenten más la salud ocular porque al momento de que existe un contagio de VPH hay riesgo de tener papiloma conjuntival y las personas desconocen este medio de transmisión. Además, se debe promover la vacunación en niños porque cualquier género es propenso a adquirir el VPH


Objective: The aim of this literature review article is to analyze the characteristics of: conjunctival papilloma such as prognosis, prevalence, relationship with HPV, diagnosis, treatment and importance of its presence. Methods: The following article was carried out by searching scientific articles in Spanish and English, which were obtained through databases such as Scopus, PubMed and Google Academic. We used the virtual platform of the Catholic Library of Cuenca using advanced search commands (""), AND, OR. Finally, 15 articles were included in the biliographic review. For the joint work of the collaborators, use was made of the Google Drive platform. Results: Conjunctival papilloma is a benign squamous cell tumor of the conjunctiva with a minimal tendency to malignancy. These tumors are related to HPV specifically types VI and XI. To obtain a diagnosis it is important to perform a thorough anamnesis and ophthalmologic examination, a biopsy after removal of the lesion, high-definition optical coherence tomography (HR-OCT), and ultrasonic biomicroscopy (UBM). The MSP has developed an initiative called "Expanded Program of Immunizations (PAI)", same that consists of the vaccination process of the female population of 9, 10 and 11 years old belonging to public and private schools. Conclusions: It is important that educational institutions promote more eye health because when there is an HPV infection there is a risk of having conjunctival papilloma and people are unaware of this means of transmission. In addition, vaccination should be promoted in children because any gender is prone to acquire HPV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Prevalence , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Human papillomavirus 6/immunology , Human papillomavirus 11/immunology
3.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 74(3): 192-197, Mayo - Junio 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-220821

ABSTRACT

El carcinoma metastásico cervical de primario de origen desconocido (CPD) a las cadenas ganglionares linfáticas cervicales representa menos del 5% de todas las neoplasias malignas de cabeza y cuello. Publicaciones recientes avalan el uso de la cirugía transoral durante el proceso diagnóstico, a su vez la cirugía ultrasónica endoscópica transoral representa una alternativa técnica recientemente descrita. Se realizó un estudio piloto para evaluar la viabilidad de la mucosectomía transoral ultrasónica de la base de lengua (BDL) y la amigdalectomía bilateral en el diagnóstico de CPD. Se incluyeron 10 pacientes de forma consecutiva. En 2 casos (20%) se encontró el primario, uno en amígdala palatina derecha y otro en la BDL izquierda. De acuerdo con nuestros resultados, la cirugía ultrasónica transoral representa una técnica útil al momento de realizar una mucosectomía de la BDL, así como la amigdalectomía bilateral durante el proceso diagnóstico en pacientes con CPD. (AU)


Metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) to cervical lymph nodes represents less than 5% of all head and neck malignancies. Recent publications support the use of transoral surgery during the diagnosis work-up, and transoral endoscopic ultrasonic surgery represents a recently described alternative technique in transoral surgery. A pilot study to assess the feasibility of trans-oral ultrasonic base of tongue (BOT) mucosectomy and bilateral tonsillectomy approach in CUP diagnosis work-up was conducted. Ten patients were included consecutively. In two cases (20%) the primary was found, in one case in the right tonsil, and another one in the left BOT. According to our results, the use of trans-oral ultrasonic surgery to perform the base of tongue mucosectomy and bilateral tonsillectomy in CUP patient's during the diagnosis work-up represents an effective option in patients with good anatomical exposure. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , General Surgery , Tonsillectomy , Endoscopy/instrumentation , Endoscopy/methods , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy
4.
Acta bioeth ; 29(1): 91-100, jun. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439083

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo trata-se de uma análise na literatura sobre o aspecto bioético da autonomia em relação a imunização contra Hepatite B e HPV na adolescência. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica baseada no método prisma onde foram incluídos artigos em português e inglês os quais foram pesquisados nas plataformas Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), utilizando os seguintes descritores Hepatitis B Vaccines, bioethics, Humans. Os resultados demostraram a eficiência dos profissionais de saúde no contato com o indivíduo e o convencimento deste através de um diálogo aberto e criação de vínculos. Evidenciou-se ainda o estudo evidenciou o direito a autonomia progressiva do paciente, no qual este ganha o direito a algumas escolhas como as imunizações de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, como é o caso da Hepatite B e HPV, no entanto é necessário que o adolescente seja instruído sobre a imunização. Assim sendo, reconhece-se o direito a autonomia progressiva do adolescente, referente a escolha das imunizações contra a Hepatite B e HPV, entretanto, deve-se considerar que estes indivíduos sejam instruídos sobre os benefícios individuais e/ou coletivos da vacinação, contemplados por atividades de educação em saúde por profissionais qualificados, objetivando ampliar a cobertura global de imunização com doenças que caracterizam problemas de saúde pública.


El presente estudio es un análisis de la literatura sobre el aspecto bioético de la autonomía en relación con la inmunización contra la Hepatitis B y el VPH en la adolescencia. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica basada en el método del prisma, que incluyó artículos en portugués e inglés que fueron buscados en la Biblioteca Científica Electrónica en Línea (SciELO), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (PUBMED), utilizando los siguientes descriptores Vacunas Hepatitis B, bioética, Humanos. Los resultados demostraron la eficiencia de los profesionales de la salud en contactar al individuo y convencerlo a través de un diálogo abierto y creación de vínculos. También se evidenció que el estudio evidenció el derecho del paciente a la autonomía progresiva, en la que adquiere el derecho a algunas opciones como las inmunizaciones de enfermedades de transmisión sexual, como la Hepatitis B y el VPH, sin embargo, es necesario que el adolescente sea educado sobre la inmunización. Por lo tanto, se reconoce el derecho del adolescente a la autonomía progresiva, en cuanto a la elección de las vacunas contra la Hepatitis B y el VPH, sin embargo, se debe considerar que estos individuos sean educados sobre los beneficios individuales y/o colectivos de la vacunación, contemplados por las actividades de educación en salud por profesionales calificados, con el objetivo de ampliar la cobertura mundial de inmunización con enfermedades que caracterizan los problemas de salud pública.


The present study is an analysis of the literature on the bioethical aspect of autonomy in relation to immunization against Hepatitis B and HPV in adolescence. A bibliographic review was carried out based on the prism method, which included articles in Portuguese and English which were searched on the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and the National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), using the following descriptors Hepatitis B Vaccines, bioethics, Humans. The results demonstrated the efficiency of health professionals in contacting the individual and convincing him/her through an open dialogue and creation of bonds. It was also evidenced the study evidenced the patient's right to progressive autonomy, in which he gains the right to some choices such as immunizations of sexually transmitted diseases, such as Hepatitis B and HPV, however it is necessary for the adolescent to be educated about immunization. Therefore, the adolescent's right to progressive autonomy is recognized, regarding the choice of immunizations against Hepatitis B and HPV, however, it must be considered that these individuals are instructed on the individual and/or collective benefits of vaccination, contemplated by health education activities by qualified professionals, aiming to expand the global coverage of immunization with diseases that characterize public health problems.


Subject(s)
Humans
5.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(5): 262-268, May. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-219853

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La detección precoz del cáncer de cérvix requiere la implementación de programas de cribado del virus del papiloma humano (VPH). Sin embargo, existen discrepancias en la optimización de esas estrategias. Se evalúa el rendimiento de 10 protocolos basados en técnicas moleculares, citológicas o combinadas en cribado primario. Material y métodos: Se diseña un estudio ciego, prospectivo e intervencionista en 1.977 mujeres de 35 años. La determinación molecular se realizó por la plataforma Cobas 4800HPV. Los análisis citológicos se realizaron en las mismas muestras sin conocimiento del resultado molecular. Todas las mujeres en las que se detectaba VPH-16/VPH-18 o presentaban alteración citológica y detección de otros genotipos de alto riesgo (VPHar) eran derivadas a colposcopia. Resultados: El ensayo molecular detectó presencia de VPHar en el 12,5% de las mujeres, mientras solo el 8,1% de las citologías fueron patológicas. El 19,5% de las pacientes derivadas a colposcopia revelaron lesiones de alto grado, estando VPH-16 presente en el 65,3% de ellas. En 6 de esas ocasiones (VPH-16 siempre presente) la citología había sido informada como normal. El seguimiento al año de las mujeres con citología normal y detección de VPHar identificó una lesión HSIL/CIN2+(asociada a VPH-33). En el estudio comparativo con otras estrategias el protocolo denominado CRYGEN 16/18 rindió el mejor equilibrio de sensibilidad y especificidad con la menor derivación a colposcopia. Conclusiones. La realización de detección molecular de VPH con genotipado parcial en primera línea, al menos VPH-16, con derivación directa a colposcopia, aumenta la tasa de detección de lesiones HSIL/CIN2+.(AU)


Introduction: The early detection of cervical cancer requires the implementation of molecular screening programs for human papillomavirus (HPV). However, there are discrepancies in the optimization of screening protocols. The performance of 10 primary screening strategies based on molecular, cytological or combined techniques is now evaluated. Material and methods: A blind, prospective, and interventional study was designed in 1977 35-year-old women. The molecular determination was carried out by the Cobas 4800 HPV platform. Cytological analysis was performed on the same samples without knowledge of the result of the molecular assay. All women in whom HPV-16/HPV-18 was detected or presented cytological alteration together with detection of other high-risk genotypes (HPVhr) were referred to colposcopy. Results: The molecular assay detected the presence of HPVhr genotypes in 12.5% of the women, while only 8.1% of the cytologies were pathological. Among the patients referred to colposcopy, in 19.5% high-grade lesions were observed, being HPV-16 present in 65.3% of them. In six of these high-grade lesions (associated with HPV-16 in all cases), cytology was reported as normal. The follow-up one year later, of women with normal cytology and HPVhr detection a HSIL/CIN2+ lesion was detected (associated to HPV-33). In the comparative study with other strategies, the protocol called CRYGEN 16/18 yielded the best balance of sensitivity and specificity with the least referral to colposcopy. Conclusions: Performing molecular detection of HPVhr with partial first-line genotyping of at least HPV-16, with direct referral to colposcopy, increases the detection rate of HSIL/CIN2+ lesions.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Early Detection of Cancer , Papillomavirus Infections , Genotyping Techniques , Pilot Projects , Prospective Studies
6.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36241027

ABSTRACT

Metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) to cervical lymph nodes represents less than 5% of all head and neck malignancies. Recent publications support the use of transoral surgery during the diagnosis work-up, and transoral endoscopic ultrasonic surgery represent a recently described alternative technique in transoral surgery. A pilot study to assess the feasibility of trans-oral ultrasonic base of tongue (BOT) mucosectomy and bilateral tonsillectomy approach in CUP diagnosis work-up was conducted. Ten patients were included consecutively. In 2 cases (20%) the primary was found, in one case in the right tonsil, and another one in the left BOT. According to our results, the use of trans-oral ultrasonic surgery to perform the base of tongue mucosectomy and bilateral tonsillectomy in CUP patient's during the diagnosis work-up represents an effective option in patients with good anatomical exposure.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures , Humans , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/surgery , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/etiology , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/pathology , Ultrasonics , Pilot Projects , Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods
7.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed) ; 41(5): 262-268, 2023 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35963773

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The early detection of cervical cancer requires the implementation of molecular screening programmes for human papillomavirus (HPV). However, there are discrepancies in the optimization of screening protocols. The performance of 10 primary screening strategies based on molecular, cytological or combined techniques is now evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A blind, prospective, and interventional study was designed in 1.977 35-year-old women. The molecular determination was carried out by the Cobas 4800 HPV platform. Cytological analysis were performed on the same samples without knowledge of the result of the molecular assay. All women in whom HPV-16/HPV-18 was detected or presented cytological alteration together with detection of other high-risk genotypes (HPVhr) were referred to colposcopy. RESULTS: The molecular assay detected the presence of HPVhr genotypes in 12.5% of the women, while only 8.1% of the cytologies were pathological. Among the patients referred to colposcopy, in 19.5% high-grade lesions were observed, being HPV-16 present in 65.3% of them. In six of these high-grade lesions (associated with HPV-16 in all cases), cytology was reported as normal. The follow-up one year later, of women with normal cytology and HPVhr detection a HSIL/CIN2+ lesion was detected (associated to HPV-33). In the comparative study with other strategies, the protocol called CRYGEN 16/18 yielded the best balance of sensitivity and specificity with the least referral to colposcopy. CONCLUSIONS: Performing molecular detection of HPVhr with partial first-line genotyping of at least HPV-16, with direct referral to colposcopy, increases the detection rate of HSIL/CIN2+ lesions.


Subject(s)
Papillomavirus Infections , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Humans , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/pathology , Pilot Projects , Genotype , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Human papillomavirus 16/genetics , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Human Papillomavirus Viruses
8.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1440082

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El propósito de este escrito es hablar sobre las construcciones socioculturales alrededor de la enfermedad. La principal preocupación es contribuir a desmontar desde nuestras vivencias como investigadoras y mujeres diagnosticadas, el estigma que impregna la vida cotidiana de las personas como nosotras: obesas o con VPH (virus del papiloma humano). Metodología: Mediante la metodología conocida como duoetnografía, en la que dos individuos narran experiencias compartidas para profundizar sobre un fenómeno sociocultural, presentamos una serie de cavilaciones que cuestionan el lugar social en el que se nos coloca al ser valuadas como enfermas. Resultados: Encontramos, a partir de nuestras reflexiones simultáneas, tres epifanías que se relacionan, primero, con el estigma biomédico, luego, con el estigma personal y, después, con el estigma sociocultural. Una cuarta epifanía expone las consideraciones de aprendizaje conjunto durante el proceso de convivencia académica de las autoras. Conclusión: Nos interesa, sobre todo, dejar una invitación a considerar críticamente el estigma, nos preocupa hablar de cuidado y apuntar las prácticas discriminatorias más que negar nuestros diagnósticos.


Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é falar sobre as construções socioculturais que envolvem a doença. A principal preocupação é contribuir para desmontar, desde nossas experiências como pesquisadores e mulheres diagnosticadas, o estigma que permeia a vida diária de pessoas como nós: obesas ou com HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). Metodologia: Por meio da metodologia conhecida como duoetnografia, na qual dois indivíduos narram experiências compartilhadas a fim de aprofundar um fenômeno sociocultural, apresentamos uma série de reflexões que questionam o lugar social em que somos colocados quando somos categorizadas como doentes. Resultados: Encontramos, a partir de nossas reflexões simultâneas, três epifanias que se relacionam primeiro com o estigma biomédico, depois com o estigma pessoal e depois com o estigma sociocultural. Uma quarta epifania expõe as considerações de aprendizagem conjunta durante o processo de convivência acadêmica das autoras. Conclusão: Estamos interessados, acima de tudo, em deixar um convite para considerar criticamente o estigma, estamos preocupadas em falar de cuidados e apontar práticas discriminatórias em vez de negar nossos diagnósticos.


Objective: The purpose of this paper is to talk about the sociocultural constructions around the disease. The main interest is to contribute to dismantle from our experiences as researchers and diagnosed women, the stigma that permeates the daily lives of people like us: obese or with HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). Methodology: Through the methodology known as duoethnography, in which two individuals narrate shared experiences to study in detail a sociocultural phenomenon, we present a series of thoughts that question the place in which we are placed when we are valuated as sick. Results: We found, from our simultaneous reflections, three epiphanies that relate first to biomedical stigma, then to personal stigma and then to sociocultural stigma. A fourth epiphany expounds joint learning considerations during the authors' academic shared experience. Conclusion: We are interested, above all, in leaving an invitation to critically consider stigma, we are concerned with talking about care and pointing out discriminatory practices rather than denying our diagnoses.

9.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422121

ABSTRACT

El virus de papiloma humano de alto riesgo oncogénico (VPH-AR) es causa necesaria pero no suficiente para la ocurrencia de cáncer de cuello uterino (CCU). Mujeres portadoras del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) presentan mayor riesgo de desarrollar lesiones precursoras del cáncer de cuello de útero, por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo prospectivo de corte transversal fue determinar la frecuencia de VPH-AR y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual-ITS (condilomas, sífilis, virus del herpes simple, gonorrea, citomegalovirus, hepatitis B) en 218 mujeres con y sin VIH que acudieron al Programa Nacional de Lucha contra el SIDA (PRONASIDA) desde julio 2017 hasta marzo 2021. Se encontró que 16/54 (29,6%) mujeres VIH-positivas presentaron infección por VPH-AR en comparación a 41/164 (25%) mujeres VIH-negativas (p>0,05). En relación a la edad, mujeres VIH positivas presentaron una frecuencia comparable de infección por VPH-AR (30 años 30,2%), a diferencia de mujeres VIH negativas donde hubo una disminución significativa de la infección por VPH-AR luego de los 30 años (30 años 18,8%, p= 0,028). Esto podría explicarse por la inmunosupresión observada en mujeres VIH positivas que podría favorecer infecciones persistentes, sugiriendo que deben ser controladas más cercanamente. Además, se observó mayor frecuencia de otras ITS en mujeres VIH positivas (29,6% vs 15,8%, p=0,026), lo cual sugiere que aparte del monitoreo más cercano, es fundamental fortalecer la educación sobre factores de riesgo para la ITS sobre todo VPH y VIH, así como la realización de prevención primaria por vacunación contra el VPH.


High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV-HR) is a necessary but not sufficient cause for cervical cancer (CC). Women carriers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) present an increased risk for the development of cervical cancer precursor lesions, therefore, the objective of the present prospective cross-sectional study was to determine the frequency of HPV-HR and other sexually transmitted infections-STIs (condylomas, syphilis, herpes simplex virus, gonorrhoea, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B) in 218 women with and without HIV who attended the Ministry of Health from July 2017 to March 2021. It was found that 16/54 (29.6%) HIV-positive women had HPV infection compared to 41/164 (25%) HIV-negative women (p>0.05). In relation to age, HIV-positive women had a comparable frequency of HPV infection (30 years 30.2%), unlike HIV-negative women whom above 30 years of age presented a significant decrease in HPV-AR infection (30 years 18.8%, p:0.028). This could be explained by the immunosuppression observed in HIV-positive women which could favour persistent infections, suggesting that they should be controlled more closely. In addition, other STIs were observed to be more frequent in HIV-positive women (29.6% vs 15.8%, p:0.026), which suggests that apart from closer monitoring, it is essential to strengthen education on risk factors for STIs, especially HPV and HIV, as well as the implementation of primary prevention by vaccination against HPV.

10.
J Biol Chem ; 298(12): 102672, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36334632

ABSTRACT

Yeast vacuoles are acidified by the v-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) that is comprised of the membrane embedded VO complex and the soluble cytoplasmic V1 complex. The assembly of the V1-VO holoenzyme on the vacuole is stabilized in part through interactions between the VO a-subunit ortholog Vph1 and the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2). PI(3,5)P2 also affects vacuolar Ca2+ release through the channel Yvc1 and uptake through the Ca2+ pump Pmc1. Here, we asked if H+ and Ca2+ transport activities were connected through PI(3,5)P2. We found that overproduction of PI(3,5)P2 by the hyperactive fab1T2250A mutant augmented vacuole acidification, whereas the kinase-inactive fab1EEE mutant attenuated the formation of a H+ gradient. Separately, we tested the effects of excess Ca2+ on vacuole acidification. Adding micromolar Ca2+ blocked vacuole acidification, whereas chelating Ca2+ accelerated acidification. The effect of adding Ca2+ on acidification was eliminated when the Ca2+/H+ antiporter Vcx1 was absent, indicating that the vacuolar H+ gradient can collapse during Ca2+ stress through Vcx1 activity. This, however, was independent of PI(3,5)P2, suggesting that PI(3,5)P2 plays a role in submicromolar Ca2+ flux but not under Ca2+ shock. To see if the link between Ca2+ and H+ transport was bidirectional, we examined Ca2+ transport when vacuole acidification was inhibited. We found that Ca2+ transport was inhibited by halting V-ATPase activity with Bafilomycin or neutralizing vacuolar pH with chloroquine. Together, these data show that Ca2+ transport and V-ATPase efficacy are connected but not necessarily through PI(3,5)P2.


Subject(s)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins , Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism , Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics , Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism , Phosphatidylinositols , Vacuoles/metabolism , Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases/genetics , Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases/metabolism , Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases , Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/metabolism
11.
Gac Med Mex ; 158(4): 222-228, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36256575

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of the different genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) varies depending on lesion severity and geographic region. OBJECTIVE: To identify multiple HPV infections in low- and high-grade cervical lesions in a group of women from the Mexican Bajío region referred with inconclusive cytology. METHODS: Pilot study of women referred from primary care units of Guanajuato, Mexico, with cytology suggestive of cervical lesion. Cervical smears were subjected to DNA extraction and HPV genotyping using microarrays. RESULTS: 100 consecutive cases were collected and 90 were analyzed; HPV positivity was observed in 26% of healthy women, and 62% had some degree of cervical lesion. The most common HPV genotypes were 59, 31, 16 and 51. Multiple infections were found in most samples. CONCLUSIONS: HPV heterogeneity was identified in the samples of the study population in contrast to worldwide reports; furthermore, multiple infections are common in precursor lesions and decrease in high-grade lesions. These data could have an impact on current HPV vaccination programs.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La prevalencia de los diferentes genotipos de virus del papiloma humano (VPH) varía dependiendo de la severidad de la lesión y región geográfica. OBJETIVO: Identificar infecciones múltiples de VPH en lesiones cervicales de bajo y alto grado en un grupo de mujeres del Bajío mexicano referidas con citología no concluyente. MÉTODOS: Estudio piloto de mujeres referidas de unidades del primer nivel de atención de Guanajuato, México, por citología sugerente de lesión cervical. Los raspados cervicales fueron sujetos a extracción de ADN y genotipificación del VPH mediante microarreglos. RESULTADOS: Se colectaron 100 casos consecutivos y fueron analizados 90; se observó 26 % de positividad a VPH en mujeres sanas y 62 % presentó algún grado de lesión. Los genotipos de VPH más frecuentes fueron 59, 31, 16 y 51. En la mayoría de las muestras se encontró infección múltiple. CONCLUSIONES: Se identificó heterogeneidad de VPH en las muestras de la población estudiada en contraste con los reportes internacionales; además, son comunes las infecciones múltiples en lesiones precursoras y disminuyen en las lesiones de alto grado. Estos datos podrían influir en los actuales programas de vacunación anti-VPH.


Subject(s)
Papillomavirus Infections , Humans , Female , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pilot Projects , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Genotype , Prevalence , DNA
12.
Anal Biochem ; 658: 114927, 2022 12 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36167157

ABSTRACT

Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles, allowing each organelle to maintain the specialized conditions needed for their specific functions. One of the features that change between organelles is lumenal pH. In the endocytic and secretory pathways, lumenal pH is controlled by isoforms and concentration of the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase). In the endolysosomal pathway, copies of complete V-ATPase complexes accumulate as membranes mature from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes. Thus, each compartment becomes more acidic as maturation proceeds. Lysosome acidification is essential for the breakdown of macromolecules delivered from endosomes as well as cargo from different autophagic pathways, and dysregulation of this process is linked to various diseases. Thus, it is important to understand the regulation of the V-ATPase. Here we describe a high-throughput method for screening inhibitors/activators of V-ATPase activity using Acridine Orange (AO) as a fluorescent reporter for acidified yeast vacuolar lysosomes. Through this method, the acidification of purified vacuoles can be measured in real-time in half-volume 96-well plates or a larger 384-well format. This not only reduces the cost of expensive low abundance reagents, but it drastically reduces the time needed to measure individual conditions in large volume cuvettes.


Subject(s)
Acridine Orange , Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases , Vacuoles , Endosomes/metabolism , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism , Lysosomes/metabolism , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
13.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 158(4): 231-237, jul.-ago. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404845

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La prevalencia de los diferentes genotipos de virus del papiloma humano (VPH) varía dependiendo de la severidad de la lesión y región geográfica. Objetivo: Identificar infecciones múltiples de VPH en lesiones cervicales de bajo y alto grado en un grupo de mujeres del Bajío mexicano referidas con citología no concluyente. Métodos: Estudio piloto de mujeres referidas de unidades del primer nivel de atención de Guanajuato, México, por citología sugerente de lesión cervical. Los raspados cervicales fueron sujetos a extracción de ADN y genotipificación del VPH mediante microarreglos. Resultados: Se colectaron 100 casos consecutivos y fueron analizados 90; se observó 26 % de positividad a VPH en mujeres sanas y 62 % presentó algún grado de lesión. Los genotipos de VPH más frecuentes fueron 59, 31, 16 y 51. En la mayoría de las muestras se encontró infección múltiple. Conclusiones: Se identificó heterogeneidad de VPH en las muestras de la población estudiada en contraste con los reportes internacionales; además, son comunes las infecciones múltiples en lesiones precursoras y disminuyen en las lesiones de alto grado. Estos datos podrían influir en los actuales programas de vacunación anti-VPH.


Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of the different genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) varies depending on lesion severity and geographic region Objective: To identify multiple HPV infections in low- and high-grade cervical lesions in a group of women from the Mexican Bajío region referred with inconclusive cytology. Methods: Pilot study of women referred from primary care units of Guanajuato, Mexico, with cytology suggestive of cervical lesion. Cervical smears were subjected to DNA extraction and HPV genotyping using microarrays. Results: 100 consecutive cases were collected and 90 were analyzed; HPV positivity was observed in 26% of healthy women, 62% had some degree of cervical lesion. The most common HPV genotypes were 59, 31, 16 and 51. Multiple infections were found in most samples. Conclusions: HPV heterogeneity was identified in the samples of the study population in contrast to worldwide reports; furthermore, multiple infections are common in precursor lesions and decrease in high-grade lesions. These data could have an impact on current HPV vaccination programs.

14.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448686

ABSTRACT

El cáncer de cuello uterino es el cuarto cáncer más frecuente en mujeres en el mundo y a nivel mundial, el VPH 16 se encuentra presente en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos. A la fecha, las variantes de VPH 16 se clasifican en 4 linajes y 16 sublinajes asociándose algunas variantes con severidad de lesión. La secuenciación de la región LCR y del gen E6 es utilizada para la clasificación de variantes. Por ello, el objetivo fue optimizar 2 PCRs convencionales para detectar la región LCR y una PCR para el gen E6. Para ello, se utilizaron muestras positivas para VPH 16, cebadores específicos para la región LCR y el gen E6. Se probaron las reacciones a diferentes temperaturas de anillamientos. La concentración de MgCl2, dNTP y cebadores fueron determinadas siguiendo las recomendaciones del fabricante de la enzima ADN polimerasa utilizada. Para la amplificación de la región LCR y el gen E6 del VPH 16, se observaron mejores resultados a una temperatura de anillamiento de 57°C y 50°C, respectivamente. La concentración de MgCl2 utilizada en ambas reacciones fue de 1,5mM, la de dNTP 0,2mM y la de cebadores 0,2uM. La optimización de la reacción de PCR permitirá obtener amplicones aptos para secuenciación, a fin de determinar las variantes génicas y posteriormente evaluar funcionalidad y actividad transcripcional que puedan estar relacionadas con la patogénesis cervical.


Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the world and worldwide HPV 16 is present in approximately 60% of cases. To date, HPV 16 variants are classified into 4 lineages and 16 sublineages, with some variants being associated with lesion severity. Sequencing of the LCR region and the E6 gene is used for variant classification. Therefore, the objective was to optimize two conventional PCRs to detect the LCR region and one PCR for the E6 gene. For this purpose, HPV 16 positive samples, specific primers for the LCR region and the E6 gene were used. The reactions were tested at different alignment temperatures. The concentration of MgCl2, dNTP, and primers was determined following the recommendations of the manufacturer of the DNA polymerase enzyme used. For amplification of the LCR region and the HPV 16 E6 gene, the best results were observed at an annealing temperature of 57°C and 50°C, respectively. The concentration of MgCl2 used in both reactions was 1.5mM, dNTP 0.2mM and primers 0.2uM. The present optimization will be used to sequence the amplified products to determine the variants and subsequently evaluate the functionality and transcriptional activity in order to relate it to cervical pathogenesis.

15.
Galicia clin ; 83(3): 12-17, Jul.-sept. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-212613

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI), and it is a major risk factor for penile, oropharyngeal and anal cancer. HPV anal infection is common in men-whohave-sex-with-men (MSM), especially in patients living with HIV (MSM-HIV). HPV can also be detected in genitalia and oral tissues. The objective of this cross-sectional study is to analyze the prevalence of HPV genital and oral infection in a HIV-MSM cohort. Methods: This cross-sectional study of HPV infection included 107 HIV-MSM subjects recruited in a HIV follow-up unit of Northwest Spain. HPV-vaccinated subjects were excluded. HPV-DNA was detected with Anyplex™ II HPV28 method. Participants completed a questionnaire on lifestyle and sexual behavior. Results: Median age was 43 years (range 35-54 years); 97 patients received antiretroviral treatment (ART); 81 (75.7%) had undetectable HIV-RNA; median CD4-lymphocyte count was 746 cell/mm3; 70 (65.4%) participants had a previous STI. Genitalia HPV-DNA was detected in n=37 (34.6%) subjects and oral HPV-DNA was detected in 26 (24.3%). In 12 (11.2%) patients, HPVDNA was detected in both locations. High risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes were detected in 24 (22.4%) and 15 (14%) patients in genitalia and oral samplesrespectively. Genitalia HPV-DNA isolation was more common in HIV virologically non-suppressed patients (65.4% vs 24.7%; p<0.001). Conclusions: HPV genitalia and oral infection is common in unvaccinated HIV-MSM patients. Detectable HIV-RNA was associated with higher HPV prevalence in genitalia. High oncogenic risk HPV genotypes were more common in genitalia than in oral cavity. (AU)


Introducción: La infección por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es la infección de transmisión sexual (ITS) más común; y es factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de cáncer de pene, orofaringe y ano. La infección por VPH es frecuente en hombres-que-tienen-sexo-con-hombres (HSH), especialmente en pacientes infectados por VIH (HSH-VIH). Asimismo, el VPH puede infectar genitales y cavidad oral. El objetivo de este estudio transversal es estimar la prevalencia de la infección orogenital por VPH en una cohorte HSH-VIH. Métodos: se incluyeron 107 pacientes de una Unidad de VIH del noroeste de España. Los pacientes vacunados fueron excluidos. El material genético del VPH (ADN-VPH) fue detectado mediante Anyplex™-II HPV-28. Los participantes completaron un cuestionario sobre hábitos sexuales. Resultados: la mediana de edad fue 43 años (rango 35-54); 97 pacientes recibían tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR); 81 (75,7%) presentaban carga viral del VIH suprimida, la mediana de linfocitos-CD4 era de 746 células/mm3, 70 (65,4%) habían padecido una ITS. Se detectó VPH en los genitales de 37 (34.6%) sujetos, en la cavidad oral de 26 (24.3%) y en 12 (11,2%) en ambas localizaciones. Se detectaron genotipos de alto riesgo oncogénico (AR-VPH) en 24 (22,4%) y 15 (14%) sujetos en genitales y cavidad oral respectivamente. El aislamiento del VPH fue más común en pacientes virológicamente no-suprimidos (65.4% vs 24.7%). Conclusiones: la infección orogenital por VPH es frecuente en pacientes HSH-VIH no vacunados. La no-supresión virológica del VIH se asoció con mayor prevalencia de infección genital por VPH. La detección de genotipos AR-VPH fue más común en genitales que cavidad oral. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Papillomavirus Infections , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Reproductive Tract Infections , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Spain
16.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 110(1): 48-55, abr. 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391345

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de la presente revisión fue analizar y compa- rar las publicaciones sobre la prevalencia de manifestaciones bucales de pacientes infectados por el Virus de la Inmuno- deficiencia Humana, Virus del Papiloma Humano y sífilis. Se seleccionaron los artículos más relevantes y se abordó la incidencia según sexo, edad, distribución geográfica y locali- zaciones anatómicas frecuentes. Se encontró que las lesiones orales más prevalentes producidas por el Virus de la Inmu- nodeficiencia Humana son la candidiasis oral, la leucoplasia vellosa y enfermedades periodontales, entre otras. La sífilis presentó una frecuencia de 7,5% de manifestaciones orales en la etapa primaria, 92,5% en la secundaria y rara vez lesio- nes en la terciaria. Las formas más prevalentes fueron parches mucosos, pápulas y úlceras. Las lesiones orales benignas rela- cionadas con el Virus del Papiloma Humano halladas fueron la verruga vulgar, el papiloma plano, el condiloma acuminado y la hiperplasia epitelial focal. La prevalencia de carcinomas orofaríngeos y orales fue del 33,6% y del 22,2% respectiva- mente. Se encontraron similitudes en el comportamiento se- xual y las vías de transmisión de las enfermedades analizadas, y se observó que son más prevalentes en adultos jóvenes de sexo masculino y en países en vías de desarrollo (AU)


The aim of this review was to analyze and compare pub- lications on the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Human Pap- illoma Virus and syphilis. The most reliable studies were se- lected, and incidence was evaluated according to gender, age, geographic location and frequent anatomic sites. It was found that the most prevalent Human Immunodeficiency Virus oral lesions were oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia and perio- dontal diseases, among others. Syphilis had a 7.5% preva- lence of oral manifestations in the primary stage, 92.5% in the secondary, and rarely lesions in the tertiary. The most prevalent forms were mucous patches, papules and ulcers. The benign oral lesions related to the Human Papilloma Vi- rus were verruca vulgaris, squamous papilloma, condyloma acuminatum and multifocal epithelial hyperplasia. The preva- lence of oropharyngeal and oral carcinomas were 33.6% and 22.2%, respectively. Similarities were found in sexual behavior and transmis- sion routes of the diseases analyzed, which were more preva- lent among young adult males, and in developing countries (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Oral Manifestations , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Periodontal Diseases , Candidiasis, Oral , Syphilis , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms , HIV Infections , Papillomavirus Infections , Age and Sex Distribution
17.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 39(2): 117-225, abr. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388345

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: En Chile, el cáncer de cuello uterino (CCU) es la segunda causa de muerte por neoplasias malignas en la mujer. El principal agente causal es el virus papiloma humano (VPH). Comparando con la población general, los o las trabajadoras(es) sexuales (TS) tienen alto riesgo de adquirir VPH. OBJETIVO: Analizar la prevalencia y genotipos del VPH cervical y vaginal en TS que se atienden en un Centro de Salud Sexual de Santiago, Chile. Pacientes y MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 97 mujeres TS, de 19 a 70 años de edad. Se obtuvieron dos muestras por paciente, una de exocérvix y otra de paredes vaginales. El ADN de VPH fue identificado por reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC) y su genotipo fue investigado para 32 tipos de VPH. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de VPH global fue de 45%, observándose portación cervical en 41,2% y vaginal en 36,1%, con una coinfección de 32%. El 63% de las muestras tenía genotipos de alto riesgo. Los VPH de alto riesgo más frecuentes fueron el VPH 66 (12%), VPH 58 (9,3%), seguidos por VPH 16, VPH 59 y VPH 82 con igual frecuencia (8% c/u). Treinta y dos mujeres (43%) fueron infectadas con genotipos múltiples. CONCLUSIÓN: El VPH es una infección frecuente entre las TS. Este es el primer estudio en Chile sobre prevalencia y genotipos de VPH en TS.


BACKGROUND: In Chile, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death from malignancy in women. The main causal agent of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV). Compared with the general population, sex workers (SW) are at increased risk of acquiring HPV. AIM: To analyze the prevalence and genotypes of cervical and vaginal HPV in female SW attending a Sexual Control Centre. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 97 women (19-70 years old). Two samples were taken per patient, one from exocervix and the other from vaginal walls. HPV DNA. was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyping using specific probes for 32 types of HPV. RESULTS: The overall frequency of HPV was 45%, 41.2% in cervical carrier and 36.1% in vaginal carrier, 32% were co-infected, 63% of HPV were high-risk genotypes. The most frequent high-risk HPV was HPV 66 (12%), HPV 58 (9.3%), followed by HPV 16, HPV 59 and HPV 82 with the same frequency (8% each one). Thirty two (43%) of females were infected with multiple genotypes. CONCLUSION: HPV is frequent infection among SW. This is the first study in Chile on the prevalence and genotypes of HPV in sex workers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Alphapapillomavirus/genetics , Sex Workers , Papillomaviridae/genetics , DNA, Viral/analysis , DNA, Viral/genetics , Chile/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Genotype
18.
Saúde debate ; 46(133): 318-330, jan.-abr. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390364

ABSTRACT

RESUMO El Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) es un padecimiento de alto impacto a nivel global: más del 80% de las personas con vida sexual activa lo adquirirá en algún momento. La prevalencia y estragos es mayor en mujeres, pues este virus puede derivar en Cáncer Cervicouterino (CaCu). Desde hace tres décadas, ante el llamado de atención de muchas feministas, organismos de salud internacionales y gobiernos de muchos países han incorporado la perspectiva de género en la atención de estos y otros padecimientos de la salud sexual donde se ha destacado la noción de vulnerabilidad. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar, desde una perspectiva feminista, cuáles son los usos conceptuales que se hacen de la dupla género-vulnerabilidad en algunos documentos de políticas públicas para la atención del VPH y el CaCu de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud y la Secretaría de Salud mexicana. A través de un análisis textual de estos documentos, es señalado que el uso conceptual de la vulnerabilidad a la que están expuestas las mujeres por mandatos de género requiere ser vislumbrado desde ópticas que permita reconocer su agencia. Asimismo, se destaca la relevancia de incorporar a los varones a las políticas públicas de atención a estos padecimientos.


ABSTRACT The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) currently represents one of the most relevant sexual health problems worldwide, since at least, 80% of the sexually active population might acquire it at any time. Prevalence and injuries are more present among women, where this virus might cause cervical cancer. From three decades ago, several international health organizations as well as countries have adopted a feminist agenda at incorporating gender perspective to pay attention to these and other women's sexual health issues. The objective of this text is to analyze from a feminist perspective the conceptual uses of gender and vulnerability in some documents written by the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization and the Mexican Health Secretariat for HPV and cervical cancer treatment. Throughout textual analyses to health attention documents, I highlight that these uses of vulnerability that Mexican women are exposed to need perspectives that shed light on women's agency. I also emphasize the necessity to incorporate men to these public policies.

19.
Alerta (San Salvador) ; 5(1): 81-87, ene. 28, 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1354473

ABSTRACT

El cáncer de cuello uterino es la cuarta causa de mortalidad por cáncer en mujeres; 88 % de los casos provienen de países en vías de desarrollo debido al escaso acceso al tamizaje y tratamiento. Debido a esto, en los países de bajo desarrollo humano estrategias como la autotoma para la detección del virus del papiloma humano han adquirido gran importancia en la actualidad, aumentando hasta en un 45 % el tamizaje en estos países. La presente revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo determinar si existen diferencias entre técnica convencional para detección del virus del papiloma humano y la autotoma en países de mediano y bajo desarrollo humano, así como las ventajas y limitantes que esta presenta. Se realizó la búsqueda de la literatura mediante las bases de datos PubMed, Google Scholar y SciELO, empleando artículos originales, ensayos clínicos, de revisión, entre otros. Se demostró que la autotoma para la detección del virus del papiloma humano tiene una especificidad similar a la toma convencional por parte de personal médico y que incrementa el tamizaje, ya que es más aceptada que la muestra tomada por el clínico debido a que facilita el acceso y aborda las limitantes socioculturales percibidas por las usuarias


Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality in women; 88% of cases come from developing countries due to poor access to screening and treatment. Due to this, in countries with low human development, strategies such as self-testing for the detection of human papillomavirus have become very important today, increasing screening in these countries by up to 45%. The objective of this bibliographical review is to determine if there are differences between the conventional technique for detecting the human papillomavirus and self-testing in countries with medium and low human development, as well as the advantages and limitations that it presents. The literature search was carried out using the PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO databases, using original articles, clinical trials, reviews, among others. It was shown that self-sampling for the detection of human papillomavirus has a similar specificity to conventional sampling by medical personnel and that it increases screening, since it is more accepted than the sample taken by the clinician because it facilitates access. and addresses the sociocultural limitations perceived by users


Subject(s)
Women , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Mass Screening , Alphapapillomavirus , Self-Testing , Methods , Neoplasms
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